干式除尘系统在寸草塔矿的应用与改进

为进一步降低掘进面粉尘浓度,寸草塔煤矿引进了干式除尘系统,针对干式除尘系统在使用过程中出现的问题,通过优化除尘风机安设位置以实现同步前移从而减少除尘设备运行阻力、根据供风量与除尘风机吸风量相匹配的原则来确定除尘风机型号、采用多风道吸尘、风筒吊轨等改进技术和手段,使掘进面现场综合除尘效率达到了97%以上,全尘浓度降至5.9 mg/m3以下,呼尘浓度降至2.4 mg/m3以下,大幅降低了掘进面粉尘浓度,提高了现场作业人员的健康保障,同时也减轻了工人作业强度。     

Assessing material qualities and efficiency limits of III–V on silicon solar cells using external radiative efficiency

The paper presents a quantitative approach to the investigation and comparison of the material qualities of III–V on silicon (III–V/Si) solar cells by using external radiative efficiencies. We use this analysis to predict the limiting efficiencies and evaluate the criteria of material quality in order to achieve high‐efficiency III–V/Si solar cells. This result yields several implications for the design of high‐efficiency III–V/Si solar cells. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Integration of InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple‐junction solar cells on deeply patterned silicon substrates

We report preliminary results on InGaP/InGaAs/Ge photovoltaic cells for concentrated terrestrial applications, monolithically integrated on engineered Si(001) substrates. Cells deposited on planar Ge/Si(001) epilayers, grown by plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition, provide good efficiency and spectral response, despite the small thickness of the Ge epilayers and a threading dislocation density as large as 10⁷/cm². The presence of microcracks generated by the thermal misfit is compensated by a dense collection grid that avoids insulated areas. In order to avoid the excessive shadowing introduced by the use of a dense grid, the crack density needs to be lowered. Here, we show that deep patterning of the Si substrate in blocks can be an option, provided that a continuous Ge layer is formed at the top, and it is suitably planarized before the metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The crack density is effectively decreased, despite that the efficiency is also lowered with respect to unpatterned devices. The reasons of this efficiency reduction are discussed, and a strategy for improvement is proposed and explored. Full morphological analysis of the coalesced Ge blocks is reported, and the final devices are tested under concentrated AM1.5D spectrum. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

城市地区流域洪水过程模拟:以清河为例

城市地区流域洪水模拟是当前洪水过程计算分析的热点和难点,本研究基于Mike洪涝模拟平台的河道一维水动力学模型(MIKE11),综合考虑城市地区不透水下垫面产流、多闸坝调度、城市排水、支流汇入等因素,系统构建了北京市主要排洪河道清河流域洪涝模拟模型,以设计流量、水位资料和实测场次洪水过程资料分别对河道、水工建筑物参数及运行规则进行了验证,模型模拟结果显示模型能够较好模拟城市流域复杂环境条件下的河道结点水位,情景模拟分析不同降雨重现期流域现状河道行洪能力和河湖雨水综合利用能力,显示清河流域具有明显的低水位、大流量的特点,可以满足20年一遇降雨行洪要求。在特大暴雨条件下清河干流中段清河闸至羊坊闸是河道洪涝的重点防护区域。从1年到20年一遇重现期设计降雨条件下,模拟蓄水占总库容的33.5%~54%。研究为城市流域防洪调度和雨水资源利用提供技术支持。     

配电网故障情况下多微网互联能力分析

配电网故障时,可以通过多微电网互联供电进行黑启动,恢复重要非故障区域的供电。并网时,微电网群工作在与配网同步的工作模式;配电网故障时,各微电网将分别工作在不同的孤网状态。由于微电网内部的微源特性、负荷特性等存在巨大差异,因而在多微电网互联实现配电网黑启动和非故障区域恢复供电之前,需要对多微电网的互联能力进行分析,以保证多微电网互联后微电网群的安全运行。从多微电网互联后系统的频率稳定和备用容量调节能力角度对多微电网的互联能力进行了分析,提出了相应的互联判据;搭建了仿真模型,对多微电网互联后的动态过程进行验证,结果验证为实现多微电网互联提供理论支撑。     

基于Q学习的微网二次频率在线自适应控制

由于包含微源的多样性及运行模式的多样性,微网的二次频率控制面临着系统参数不确定性的挑战。文中提出了在多代理(Agent)分层混合控制模型中嵌入一种基于Q学习的智能算法。首先,动态预测出微网系统实时二次调频功率缺额值。其次,同时考虑微网运行经济性和环境效益,并采用模糊化方法和粒子群优化算法实现二次调度功率的分配。最后,在C++Builder环境下搭建了包括不同微源的本地层Agent和具有不同控制功能的中央层Agent的微网混合能量管理仿真平台,结果证明了所提出的基于Q学习的微网二次频率自适应控制器可以自适应微网系统结构及其参数的动态变化,实现微网二次调频的智能控制。     

一种用于多信道无线Mesh网络的信道分配方法

合理地分配信道是提高多信道无线Mesh网络性能的关键。针对动态信道分配策略平均吞吐率较低的不足,采用相对平衡理论,提出了一种基于可通邻居节点可用信道表的信道分配方法,给出了该方法的主要步骤和具体实现过程,并分析了时间复杂度。节点在进行数据发送前,利用可通邻居节点的可用信道集合,建立可通邻居节点可用信道表和信道优先级队列,在此基础上,选取一个最优信道,并使用改进的RTS/CTS协议进行信道协商和数据收发控制。仿真结果表明,提出的方法在平均吞吐率方面提高了5.2%。     

Goodput and throughput comparison of single‐hop and multi‐hop routing for IEEE 802.11 DCF‐based wireless networks under hidden terminal existence

We investigate how multi‐hop routing affects the goodput and throughput performances of IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function‐based wireless networks compared with direct transmission (single hopping), when medium access control dynamics such as carrier sensing, collisions, retransmissions, and exponential backoff are taken into account under hidden terminal presence. We propose a semi‐Markov chain‐based goodput and throughput model for IEEE 802.11‐based wireless networks, which works accurately with both multi‐hopping and single hopping for different network topologies and over a large range of traffic loads. Results show that, under light traffic, there is little benefit of parallel transmissions and both single‐hop and multi‐hop routing achieve the same end‐to‐end goodput. Under moderate traffic, concurrent transmissions are favorable as multi‐hopping improves the goodput up to 730% with respect to single hopping for dense networks. At heavy traffic, multi‐hopping becomes unstable because of increased packet collisions and network congestion, and single‐hopping achieves higher network layer goodput compared with multi‐hop routing. As for the link layer throughput is concerned, multi‐hopping increases throughput 75 times for large networks, whereas single hopping may become advantageous for small networks. The results point out that the end‐to‐end goodput can be improved by adaptively switching between single hopping and multi‐hopping according to the traffic load and topology. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

金刚石覆镍量对固着磨料研磨蓝宝石性能的影响

金刚石磨粒表面镀镍可以增强其与树脂的结合力。通过化学镀的方法在金刚石磨粒表面镀覆一层不同包覆率的Ni-P合金层,并制成了固结磨料研磨垫。采用CP-4型CMP抛光和测试系统,分别对蓝宝石进行粗研和精研加工,探索不同覆镍量对固着磨料研磨蓝宝石性能的影响。结果表明:金刚石磨粒表面镀镍可以改变其微观形貌:在实验范围内,随着金刚石包覆率的增加,摩擦因数、材料去除率和表面粗糙度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,其中粗研在包覆率为50%、精研在包覆率30%达到峰值;声发射信号呈现先减小后增大的趋势,其中粗研在包覆率50%、精研在包覆率30%达到谷值;粗研过程对包覆率的要求高于精研过程。     

基于EOC的有线无线融合覆盖模式研究

三网融合趋势下,有线网络和无线网络融合发展,才能实现多种业态运营,满足用户多样化需求.研究了通过双向接入网EoC结合WiFi的有线无线融合覆盖模式,使用户能够通过电视机、便携式计算机、平板PC、智能手机等多种终端开展有线数字电视的多屏互动业务.同时,探讨性地提出EoC无线转发技术也为双向交互数据业务的有线无线融合覆盖模式提供了新思路.